Tuesday, July 14, 2009

Plato and justice

If you're really into philosophy, you don't start with Heidegger, you start with Plato. The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy is being regularly updated; some of the articles are as fundamental as this one on ethics and politics in The Republic.

Plato's Republic centers on a simple question: is it always better to be just than unjust? The puzzles in Book One prepare for this question, and Glaucon and Adeimantus make it explicit at the beginning of Book Two. To answer the question, Socrates takes a long way around, sketching an account of a good city on the grounds that a good city would be just and that defining justice as a virtue of a city would help to define justice as a virtue of a human being. Socrates is finally close to answering the question after he characterizes justice as a personal virtue at the end of Book Four, but he is interrupted and challenged... More.

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